The main fighting equipment of a legionary of the 1st century.

1 Helmet of bronze or iron with broad neck guard

2 Segmented plate armour

3 Tunic worn under the armour

4 Short stabbing sword, known as a gladulus

5 Baldric of metal plates on leather

6 Dagger - pugio

7 Pilum, a javelin with a light shaft that bent on impact making it impossible to throw back and disabling any enemy shield it pierced

8 Rectangular shield curved to protect the body. There is evidence for shield patterns to be consistent within units.

9 Caligae the military hob nailed boots. These would have been worn with socks and no doubt trousers in northern Britain.